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    Monday, 26 June 2017

    Ssc Gk Set CLASS-1

    #GK #SSC #CLASS-1 

    Lambert's law is related to
    Reflection
    Refraction
    Interference
    Illumination




    D
    Important Scientific Laws
    Avogadro's Law (Gases)
    It states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and
    pressure contain the same number of molecules regardless of their
    chemical nature and physical properties. This number (Avogadro's
    number) is 6.022 X 1023. It is the number of molecules of any gas present in
    a volume of 22.41 litres and is the same for the lightest gas (hydrogen) as for
    a heavy gas such as carbon dioxide or bromine.
    Stated in 1811 by the Italian chemist Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856)
    Boyle's Law (Gases)
    For a fixed amount of an ideal gas kept at a fixed temperature, P
    [pressure] and V [volume] are inversely proportional (while one
    doubles, the other halves). In other words product of the pressure and
    volume is exactly a constant for an ideal gas.
    Propounded by Robert Boyle, an Irish Chemist in 1662
    Charles' Law (Gases)
    It states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the
    temperature of the gas, provided the amount of gas and pressure are
    held constant.
    It was first published by French natural philosopher Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
    in 1802, giving credit to an unpublished work from the 1780s by Jacques
    Charles. It is also known as Gay-Lussac Law.
    Coulomb's Law (Electrostatics)
    The magnitude of the Electrostatics force of interaction between two
    point charges is directly proportional to the scalar multiplication of
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    the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of
    the distances between them.
    Published in 1783 by French physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb
    Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction
    The induced electromotive force (EMF) in any closed circuit is equal
    to the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit.
    Published by English Physicist Michael Faraday in 1831.
    Hooke's Law of Elasticity
    It states that, for relatively small deformations of an object, the
    displacement or size of the deformation is directly proportional to the
    deforming force or load.
    Discovered by the English scientist Robert Hooke in 1660.
    Joule's Law (Electricity)
    It states that, heat produced by an electric current is directly
    proportional to the resistance of the conductor, the square of the
    current, and the time for which it flows.
    Given by the English physicist James Prescott Joule around 1850.
    Kepler's three laws of planetary motion
    1. The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the
    center of the sun being located at one focus. (The Law of Ellipses)
    2. An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the
    planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time. (The Law of
    Equal Areas)
    3. The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the
    ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun. (The Law of
    Harmonies)
    Published by German astronomer Johannes Kepler between 1609 - 1619.
    Lambert's Law (Luminous intensity)
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    It states that the luminous intensity of a perfectly diffusing surface in
    any direction is proportional to the cosine of the angle between that
    direction and the normal to the surface, for which reason the surface will
    appear equally bright from all directions.
    Published by Johann Heinrich Lambert, a Swiss physicist in 1760.
    Lenz's Law (Electromagnetism)
    It states that an induced electric current flows in a direction such that
    the current opposes the change that induced it or in other words an
    induced current is always in such a direction as to oppose the motion
    or change causing it.
    Deduced in 1834 by the Russian physicist Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz.
    Newton's Law of motion
    1. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state
    of motion unless an external force is applied to it.
    2. The acceleration of an object depends directly upon the net force acting
    upon the object, and inversely upon the mass of the object. As the force
    acting upon an object is increased, the acceleration of the object is
    increased. As the mass of an object is increased, the acceleration of the
    object is decreased.
    3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
    Published by British physicist Sir Isaac Newton in 1687.
    Ohm's Law (Electricity)
    Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is
    directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points, and
    inversely proportional to the resistance between them.
    Published in 1827 by German physicist Georg Ohm.
    Snell's Law (Refraction of light)
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    It states that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is
    equivalent to the ratio of phase velocities in the two media, or equivalent to
    the opposite ratio of the indices of refraction.
    Named after Dutch astronomer Willebrord Snellius who rediscovered it in
    1621.



    The Refrigerant 'FREON' is
    Calcium Tetra Flouride
    Diflouro Dichloro Methane
    Flourspar and Felspar
    Hydrofluosilicic Acid

    B


    WIKILEAKS, a whistleblowers website is an international
    organisation based in
    U.S.A.
    U.K.
    Sweden
    Norway
    C



    Which of the folloiwng folk dances is associated with Jammu and Kashmir?
    Jhora
    Veedhi
    Rauf
    Suisini
    C


    Who invented the Jet Engine?
    Karl Benz
    Sir Frank Whittle
    Thomas Savery
    Michael Faraday


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    Inventions - Aviation
    Invention Year Inventor
    Aeroplane 1903 Orville and Wilbur Wright
    Airship (non-rigid) 1852 Henri Giffard
    Airship (rigid) 1900 G.F. vonZeppelin
    Hot air balloon 1783 Jacques and Joseph Montgolfier
    Gliders 1853 Sir George Cayley
    Helicopter 1924 Etienne Oehmichen
    Hovercraft 1955 Christopher Cockerrell
    Jet Engine 1937 Sir Frank Whittle
    Parachute 1797 AJ Garnerin
    Rocket 1926 Robert Goddard
    Inventions - Vehicles
    Invention Year Inventor
    Bicycle 1839-40 Kirkpatrick Macmillan
    Bicycle tyres 1888 John Boyd Dunlop
    Petrol Car 1888 Karl Benz
    Carburettor 1876 Gottlieb Daimler
    Diesel Engine 1895 Rudolf Diesel
    Ship (steam) 1775 JC Perier
    Ship (turbine) 1894 Sir C. Parsons
    Submarine 1776 David Bushnell
    Motorcycle 1885 G Daimler of Cannstatt
    Inventions - Weapons
    Invention Year Inventor
    Atom Bomb 1945 J Rober Oppenheimer
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    Invention Year Inventor
    Automatic Rifle 1918 John Browning
    Ballistic Missile 1944 Wernher vonBraun
    Bolt action rifle 1889 P von Mauser
    Guided Missile 1942 Wernher vonBraun
    Hydrogen Bomb 1952 Edward Teller
    Neutron Bomb 1958 Samel Cohen
    Tank 1914 Sir Ernest D Swington
    Machine gun 1718 James Puckle
    Revolver 1836 Samuel Colt
    Inventions - Domestic Appliances
    Invention Year Inventor
    Ball-point Pen 1888 John J Loud
    Mechanical Clock 1725 I. Hsing and Liang Ting
    Tsan
    Pendulum Clock 1656 Christian Huygens
    Electric Lamp 1879 Thomas Alva Edison
    Fountain Pen 1884 Lewis E Waterman
    Gramophone 1878 Thomas Alva Edison
    Safety Match 1826 John Walker
    Refrigerator 1850 James Hansen and
    Alexander Catlin
    Sewing Machine (Chain
    stitch) 1841 Barthelemy Thimmonier
    Sewing Machine (Lock
    stitch) 1846 Elias Howe
    TV (Mechanical) 1926 JL Baird
    TV (Electronic) 1927 PT Farnsworth
    Typewriter 1867 Christopher L Sholes
    Inventions - Industrial Revolution
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    Invention Year Inventor
    Powerloom 1785 E Cartwright
    Spinning Frame 1769 Sir Richard Arkwright
    Spinning Jenny 1764 James Hargreaves
    Spinning Mule 1779 Samuel Crompton



    The reserves held by Commercial Banks over and above the
    statutory minimum, with the RBI are called
    Cash reserves
    Deposit reserves
    Excess reserves
    Momentary reserves
    C


    Who is authorised to issue coins in India?
    Reserve Bank of India
    Ministry of Finance
    State Bank of India
    India Overseas Bank
    B



    The 'break-even' point is where
    marginal revenue equals marginal cost
    average revenue equals average cost
    total revenue equals total cost
    none of the above
    C



    The method of Impeachment of the President of India is adopted
    from
    U.S.A.
    U.K.
    U.S.S.R.
    France
    A



    In the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India, which languages
    were added subsequently?
    English, Sindhi, Marathi, Sanskrit
    Sanskrit, Sindhi, Konkani, Manipuri
    Sindhi, Konkani, Manipuri, Nepali
    Marathi, Oriya, Konkani, Nepali
    C


    Languages in India
    The number of languages
    recognised by the Indian
    Constitution is
    22
    At the inception of Indian
    constitution in 1950, the number of
    recognised languages was
    14
    The languages which were added to
    the Eighth Schedule are
    Sindhi, Konkani,
    Nepali, Manipuri,
    Maithili, Dogri, Bodo
    and Santhali.
    Number of identifiable mother
    tongues as per Ministry of Statistics
    and Programme Implementation
    report of 2011
    234
    The first language to be conferred
    the status of a Classical Language Tamil
    Other languages which have been
    conferred the status of a Classical
    Language
    Sanskrit, Kannada,
    Malayalam, Telugu and
    Odia
    The official language of
    Nagaland is English
    The official language of Jammu
    and Kashmir Urdu
    The official language of Goa Konkani
    The official language of the
    Supreme Court and High Court
    as prescribed by the
    Constitution of India is
    English
    The principal languages of
    Lakshdweep are
    Jeseri (Dweep
    Bhasha) and Mahal
    Foreign language commonly spoken
    in Puducherry (formerly
    Pondicherry) is
    French
    The Indian language known as
    the 'Italian of the East' is Telugu
    The principal languages of the
    Andaman & Nicobar islands are
    Hindi, Nicobarese,
    Bengali, Tamil,
    Malayalam and Telugu.
    English is not in the list of recognised languages




    List of Languages in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution
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    Language Predominantly spoken in Recognised
    1. Assamese Assam 1950
    2. Bengali West Bengal 1950
    3. Bodo Assam, West Bengal 2003
    4. Dogri Jammu, Himachal Pradesh 2003
    5. Gujarati Gujarat 1950
    6. Hindi Most parts of Northern States 1950
    7. Kashmiri Jammu and Kashmir 1950
    8. Kannada Karnataka 1950
    9. Konkani Goa and parts of Karnataka 1992
    10.
    Malayalam Kerala 1950
    11. Manipuri Manipur 1992
    12. Marathi Maharashtra 1950
    13. Maithili Parts of Bihar 2003
    14. Nepali Sikkim and parts of West Bengal 1992
    15. Odia Odisha 1950
    16. Punjabi Punjab, Chandigarh 1950
    17. Sanskrit - 1950
    18. Sindhi Scattered in Gujarat, Rajasthan
    and Maharashtra 1967
    19. Santhali Spoken by Santhal tribe in
    Jharkhand, Bihar, W.B. 2003
    20. Tamil Tamilnadu, Puducherry 1950
    21. Telugu Andhra Pradesh 1950
    22. Urdu Northern India 1950
    Languages of the World
    The total number of languages in the
    world as recorded by Ethnologue, the
    journal that chronicles the languages
    of the world
    7105
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    The languages having
    the highest number of speakers in
    the world
    Chinese (Mandarin)
    The languages having the second
    highest number of speakers in the
    world
    Spanish
    The languages having the third,
    fourth and fifth highest number of
    speakers in the world
    English, Hindi and
    Arabic respectively
    The official language of Pakistan Urdu
    The language having the largest
    number of native speakers in Pakistan Punjabi
    The official language of Bhutan Dzongkha
    The official language of Israel Hebrew
    The official languages of Switzerland
    German, (63.7%),
    French (20.4%),
    Italian (6.5%) and
    Romansch (0.5%)
    Institutions for promotion of Languages
    Institution Location
    Central Institute of Indian Languages Mysore,
    Karnataka
    Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi
    Vishwavidyalaya
    Wardha,
    Maharashtra
    English and Foreign Languages
    University Hyderabad, A.P.
    Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan New Delhi
    Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Rashtriya
    Sanskrit Vidyapeeth New Delhi
    Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth Tirupathi
    Maulana Azad National Urdu University Hyderabad
    Central Institute of Classical Tamil Chennai
    NEW RANK
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    1 CHINESE
    2. ENGLISH
    3.ARABIC
    4.SPANISH
    5.HINDI
    6.RUSSIAN
    7.BENGALI

    Indian Parliament Means
    Rajya Sabha - Lok Sabha
    Rajya Sabha - Lok Sabha - Prime Minister
    President of India - Rajya Sabha - Lok Sabha
    President of India - Vice-President of India - LOk Sabha - Rajya Sabha
    C


    Generally, the soil of the northern plains of India has been formed
    by
    degradation
    aggradation
    weathering in situ
    erosion
    B
    ag·gra·da·tion
    The deposition of material by a river, stream, or current.



    Hiuen Tsang visited India during the reign of
    Chandragupta I
    Chandragupta II
    Harshavardhana
    Rudradaman
    C
    C
    Foreign Invaders and points to remember.
    Invader Points to remember
    Alexander
    He was the first to invade India in 326 B.C.
    He defeated King Porus on the banks of River
    Jhelum. The battle is known as the Battle of
    Hydaspes. Dhana Nanda of the Nanda
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    Invader Points to remember
    dynasty was in power in northern and eastern
    India at the time of his invasion. Alexander's
    army mutinied, possibly at the prospect of
    facing a strong army of the Nandas and
    Alexander decided to return to Macedonia.
    Chengiz
    Khan
    He was a Mongolian who conquered some
    kingdoms on the banks of River Indus in 1221
    A.D. The ruler of Delhi at that time was
    Iltutmish.
    Mohammed
    Bin Qasim
    He was first muslim to invade India in
    712 A.D. He conquered Sindh and Punjab
    regions along the Indus river but did not
    advance further.
    Timur
    Timur Lang or Timur the Lame, was a muslim
    conqueror who invaded India in 1398. The
    ruler of Delhi at the time was Nasiruddin
    Mahmud Shah.
    Nadir Shah
    He was the ruler of Iran who invaded
    India in 1738. He defeated the Mughal
    Emperor Muhammed Shah and carried
    with him the Peacock throne and the
    Kohinoor diamond.
    Ahmed Shah
    Abdali
    He was the ruler of Afghanistan who invaded
    India several times between 1747 & 1767, the
    most famous being the invasion of 1761 when
    he defeated the Marathas in the 3rd battle of
    Panipat.
    Foreign Visitors and points to remember.
    Visitor Points to remember
    Megasthenes
    He was the ambassador of Seleucus in the
    court of Chandragupta Maurya known to
    the Greek as Sandrocottus. He was also the
    author of a book 'Indica'.
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    Visitor Points to remember
    Fahien
    He was a Chinese Buddhist monk who
    visited India during the reign of
    Vikramaditya (Chandragupta II). He is
    known for his visit to Lumbini, the birthplace
    of the Buddha. His journey is described in his
    travelogue "Record of Buddhist Kingdoms ...".
    Huien Tsang
    He was a Chinese traveller who visited
    India during the time of Harsha
    Vardhana. His book is called Si-yu-ki or 'The
    Records of the Western World'.
    Alberuni
    A persian scholar, he accompanied
    Mohammed of Ghazni and wrote a book
    titled 'Tahqiq-i-hind'. He was the first
    mulsim scholar to study India. He is regarded
    as the father of Indology.
    Marco Polo
    He was a well known European traveller who
    visited many Eastern countries, including
    India. He visited Southern India where
    Rudramma Devi of the Kakatiyas was in
    power.
    Ibn Batuta
    Ibn Batuta was a Moroccon traveller who
    visited India during the time of
    Mohammed Bin Tughlaq. His account of
    travels is known as the Rihla.
    Thomas Roe
    Sir Thomas Roe was an English diplomat
    who visited the court of Jahangir in 1615
    to seek protection for an English factory
    at Surat. His Journal of the mission to the
    Mogul Empire is a valuable contribution to the
    history of India of the time.
    William
    Hawkins
    Captain William Hawkins led the first
    voyage of the English East India
    Company to India in 1609 when Jahangir
    was in power. He had a personal letter from
    King James I of England 1609, but did not
    succeed in seeking Jahangir's permission to
    establish a factory.
    Nicolo Conti
    Italian merchant who visited India
    during the period of Deva Raya I of
    Vijayanagar (1420)
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    Visitor Points to remember
    Abdul Razak
    He was a Persian cholar and ambassador
    of the ruler of Persia to Calicut who
    visited India during the rule of Deva
    Raya II of Vijayanagar during 1442 to
    1445.
    St Thomas He is believed to be the first Christian
    saint to visit India in 52 A.D..
    Francois
    Bernier
    He was a French physician and traveller
    who visited India during 1658 and 1671.
    He was the personal physician of the
    Mughal emperor Aurangzeb for around
    12 years during his stay in India. He wrote
    Travels in the Mughal Empire, which is mainly
    about the reigns of Dara Shikoh and
    Aurangzeb


    The Muslim adventurer who destroyed the Nalanda University was
    Alla-ud-din Khilji
    Muhammad-bin-Tughlak
    Muhammad-bin-Bhaktiyar
    Muhammad-bin-Quasim
    C

    C
    Painting reached its highest level of development during the reign of
    Akbar
    Aurangzeb
    Jahangir
    Shah Jahan
    C
    FOR SCULPTURE D.. PEACOCK THRONE ALSO MADE BY SAHJAHAN..



    The communal electorate was introduced for the first time in India in
    1919
    1935
    1906
    1909
    D
    MARLEY MINTO REMFORS


    The two states which had non-Congress Ministries in 1937 were
    Bengal and Punjab
    Punjab and NWFP
    Madras and Central Provinces
    Bihar and Uttar Pradesh
    A



    Sea breeze is formed during
    Day time
    Night time
    Both
    Seasonal
    Answer (a). During daytime land heats up more quickly than water and the
    air above it rises allowing for air above the sea to blow towards the land.
    This is known as sea breeze. After sunset land cools down more quickly than
    water and hence land breeze blows during the night.



    What percentage of world's freshwater is stored as glacial ice?
    50%
    10%
    70%
    30%
    C


    Which one of the following rivers of India does not make a delta?
    Ganges
    Godavari
    Mahanadi
    Tapti


    D


    Which one of the following states has the longest coastline?
    Maharashtra
    Tamilnadu
    Gujarat
    Andhra Pradesh
    C
    1600KM OR 990 MILES.. REMEMBER THIS VERY IMP..



    The pass located in Himachal Pradesh is
    Shipkila
    Zojila
    Nathula
    Jelepla

    A
    NATHULA > SIKKIM
    An example of false fruit is
    Apple
    Guava
    Mango
    Tomato
    Answer (a). An accessory fruit (also called false fruit or spurious fruit) is a
    fruit in which some of the flesh is derived not from the ovary but from some
    adjacent tissue exterior to the carpel. Examples of accessory tissue are the
    receptacle of strawberries, figs, or mulberries, Pomes, such as apples and
    pears



    Normal fasting blood sugar level per 100 ml. of blood in man is
    30 - 50 mg
    50 - 70 mg
    80 - 100 mg
    120 - 140 mg
    C



    Rate of interest is determined by
    The rate of return on the capital invested
    Central Government
    Liquidity preference
    Commercial Banks
    C


    The vector of disease sleeping sickness is
    sand-fly
    house-fly
    fruit-fly
    tse-tse fly
    D
    SANDS FLY> KALA AZAR



    For how many years have the dinosaurs been extinct?
    About 25 million years
    About 65 milion years
    About 100 million years
    About 135 million years

    B



    A geostationary satellite revolves round the earth from
    East to West
    West to East
    North to South
    South to North

    Answer (b). A geo-stationary satellite is stationary with respect to the earth
    and in order to be so, it must revolve alongwith the earth. Since the
    direction of earth's rotation is from west to east, the same is the case with a
    geo-stationary satellite.Got it



    Among the following materials sound travels fastest in
    Steel
    Air
    Vacuum
    Water

    A
    SOLID>LIQUID>GAS

    The rear side of the moon was photographed by
    Viking I
    Viking II
    Luna III
    Mariner IX
    C


    Which phenomenon do bats or dolphins use to find prey, predators
    or obstacles?
    Refraction of sound
    Formation of beats
    Scattering
    Echo location
    D


    What did the first electronic digital computer contain?
    Transistors
    Valves
    Core memory
    Semiconductor memory
    B



    Microsoft Office's personal information manager is
    Outlook
    Internet Explorer
    Organiser
    Access
    A


    Hard steel contains
    2 to 5 per cent carbon
    0.5 to 1.5 per cent carbon
    0.1 to 0.4 per cent carbon
    0.01 to 0.04 per cent carbon
    B


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